March 17, 2023
Review: What is a Typicality Claim?
A typicality claim conveys the net impression that the claimed results are representative, or typical of the results that consumers can generally expect to achieve.
Advertisers are required to substantiate the net impression perceived by consumers.
Case Example: Accredited Debt Relief
NAD reviewed the following ad claims in its 2022 case with Accredited Debt Relief, a debt settlement company:
- clients could cut their monthly payments in half,
- reduce their total debt by up to 50%, and become,
- “debt-free in as little as 12 months.”
NAD found that these claims were "typicality" claims.
NAD also found that these claims included "quantified performance claims", a subset of typicality claims that “promise consumers that they will experience results to the level or degree claimed in the advertising.”
This promise is also perceived by consumers to be "net impression."
General Rule for Typicality Ad Claims
If a typicality claim does not in fact represent the typical results of what consumers should generally expect, it should not be used, or it should be qualified with a disclosure of generally expected results.
NAD reviewed the substantiation produced by Accredited Debt Relief and concluded that the advertised results were not typical.
Among NAD's findings based on its review of the substantiation data:
- only 33% of purchasers cut payments by 50% or more,
- only 25% of purchasers reduced debt by 50% or more,
- "A comparatively small number of purchasers were debt-free in 12 months.
Further, NAD determined that Accredited Debt Relief failed to provide clear and conspicuous disclosures of material information that qualified the performance claims, including:
- the length of the advertised program, and
- related fees.
Takeaway:
If typicality claims, particularly if they are quantified performance claims, are not representative, or typical, of the results that consumers can generally expect to achieve, they should not be used, or they should be qualified with a disclosure of generally expected results.
The disclosures should be clear and conspicuous and in proximity to the claims they qualify.